Eloi Eloi, lama sabakhtani

edited December 1969 in Faith Issues
Why did Christ say this "Eloi, Eloi, lama sabakhthani"  - "Father why have you forsaken me?"

Comments

  • [coptic]+ Iryny nem `hmot>[/coptic]

    There are two possible explanations for this.  The first is that, on the cross, Christ was truly alone.  It was on Him to take on the sins of the world, and so at that moment, He was forsaken by God (to an extent).  He was the sacrificial lamb, and so He felt the fullness of sin in His body.  An analogy I tend to use to describe this is think of a person who is obsessive about being clean.  They walk down the street and are splashed with mud.  Their body is filthy and because they are so obsessed about being clean, their mind is repulsed by the mud on their body and they cannot bear to look at themselves.  Same sort of idea here.  God is perfect, holy and sinless.  When Christ was on the cross, He became sin, as St. Paul tells us.  Thus, using the analogy, we could say that the Father was 'repulsed' at the sin that stained His Son, and 'turned away' from Him at that moment in time.

    The second possible explanation is that Christ was quoting the start of Psalm 22, 'My God, My God, why hast thou forsaken me?'.  He may have been attempting to recite the entire psalm but didn't have the energy to complete it.  I have heard it said that among rabbis, if one says the first line of a psalm, they are in essence drawing the attention of the people to that psalm.  If you read the entire psalm, then it describes perfectly what was occurring before the people at that very moment.  Here are some sample verses:

    v. 6 - 8 'But I am a worm, and no man; A reproach of men, and despised by the people.  All those who see me ridicule me;They shoot out the lip, they shake the head, saying, "He trusted in the Lord, let Him rescue him; Let Him deliver him, since he delights in Him!"

    v. 14 - 18 'I am poured out like water, And all my bones are out of joint; My heart is like wax; It has melted within Me.  My strength is dried up like a potsherd, And my tongue clings to my jaws; You have brought me to the dust of death.  For dogs have surrounded me; The congregation of the wicked has enclosed me.  They pierced my hands and my feet; I can count all my bones.  They look and stare at me.  They divide my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots.'
  • problem with your first explanation:

    In the liturgy we say that his divinity parted not from his humanity for a single moment nor a twinkling of an eye" that means he wasn't alone. he was always God ..... I dunno, i don't think your first explanition in general is theologically correct,  check it with a priest or someone...
    2nd explanation is fine.....


  • The best explanation for your inquiry:  "Seven Words on the Cross" by His Holiness, Pope Shenouda III.  An amazing book.  One can read it in two hours.  It gives amazing insight for this particular saying on the cross.
  • Exactly as "Ilovestmark" said:
    The answer is in HH's book:

    here is the chapter concerning that phrase:

    The Fourth Word
    "My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?" (Matt.
    27:46).
    This statement does not mean a separation of the divine
    nature of Jesus Christ from His human nature, nor does it
    mean that the Father has forsaken the Son. It means rather
    that the Father has allowed Him to be tormented.
    His divine nature and His human nature were never separated
    for a single moment or a wink of the eye. That is what we firmly
    believe in and what we recite in the Holy Mass... If ever His
    divine nature deserted Him, His redemption could never have
    been considered as infinite, rendering infinite salvation, capable
    of atoning for the sins of all humanity throughout the ages.
    Thus, there was no rupture between His divine and human
    nature.
    As for His relationship with the Father, the Father did not
    forsake Him. Let us only consider this verse: "Believe Me that I
    am in the Father, and the Father in Me" (John 14:1l).
    What is the meaning then of, "Why have You forsaken
    Me?"
    It does not mean a separation; it indicates only that the
    Father did allow that He should suffer; that He should bear the
    blame and suffer God's wrath over sin. That goes for the
    43

    emotional torment He underwent. As for the physical pain; God
    allowed that He should suffer physically though God, in His
    omnipotence, could have made Him insensible to pain. But, if
    that had happened, the Crucifixion would have been null and
    void - for pain would never have been experienced and
    consequently, no penalty has been inflicted, no acquittal effected
    and no redemption accomplished...
    Thus, the Father allowed that the Son should suffer, and
    the Son accepted that ordinance and was also afflicted by
    it. In fact Christ came to the world for that particular
    reason.. It was a rupture that both parties preconceived
    and agreed to... for the sake of humanity, and the Divine
    Justice...
    God allowed that Jesus should suffer, sacrifice Himself and
    be tortured but did not break away from Him... It was not a
    separation but rather a dispensation. God suffered that His Son
    should suffer but still loved him fully, "Yet it pleased the Lord
    to bruise Him" (Is. 53:10).
    An example that may make the meaning easy to grasp:
    Suppose a parent accompanied his child to the hospital for
    an operation, let us say for the removal of an abscess; that the
    parent was holding the child's hand while the surgeon went on
    with his incision. The child would then start to cry and plead
    with his father not to let that happen to him saying to him,
    "Why did you forsake me? "
    44

    In fact, the father did not desert his child, he only allowed
    him to suffer since the operation was for his own good and he
    had only total care and love for his child.
    This incident, I would say, demonstrates how that could be
    considered abandonment without actual severance of ties.
    The word "Forsaken " means that the torment of
    Crucifixion was actual and that God's wrath was
    excruciating... The act of abandonment was the climax of all
    torment on the Cross; all torment of redemption... Here Christ
    resembles a burnt sacrifice. An offering to God for the
    atonement of sin - to be consumed by the divine fire until it
    turns to ashes and satisfies fully the Divine Justice..
    A great number of theologians do believe that the Lord
    when saying, "My God, My God, why have You forsaken
    Me" was reminding the Jews of the Twenty-second Psalm
    which starts with the same verse.
    They were referred to as those who, Do not knowing the
    Scriptures (Matt. 22:29) while those Scriptures testified of
    Him (John 5:39). So the Lord Christ chose to remind them
    of this particular Psalm. Actually the system of numbering
    the Psalms was not known to the Jews. They used to
    identify each Psalm by its opening verse, as it is the custom
    among the Egyptian monks nowadays...
    What does this Psalm tell us about Jesus Christ?
    "They have pierced My hands and My feet, I can count all My
    bones; they look and stare at Me; they divide My garments
    45

    among them, And for My clothing they cast lots. "
    (Ps 22:16-18).
    It is all evident that David the Prophet, who composed this
    Psalm, had nobody pierce his hands or feet. Nobody parted his
    garments or cast lots upon his vesture. This verse was actually
    an inspired prophecy about Jesus Christ - as if Christ on the
    Cross was telling the Jews: "Go ahead and read the Psalm,
    starting with: "My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?"
    and see what has been told about Me. You will see also that the
    following has been said about Me:
    "A reproach of men, and despised of the people. All they,
    that see Me, laugh Me to scorn: they shoot out the lip, they
    shake the head, saying: He trusted in the Lord that He would
    deliver Him, let Him deliver Him, seeing He delighted in Him "
    (Ps 22: 6 8).
    To analyze this entire Psalm would require more space than
    we have... It illustrates Christ's sufferings on the Cross. "Then
    He opened their understanding, that they might understand the
    Scriptures." (Luke 24:45).
    All that the Psalm described began to be realised. Thus,
    He was able to say shortly after: "It is finished. " But why
    did they not say, "It is finished" right after His pronouncement:
    "My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?" The reason is
    that there is another verse in this Psalm that was not yet realised
    which is: "My strength is dried up like a potsherd: and My
    tongue clings to My jaws. " (Ps. 22:15) this part will be realised
    later when He says: "I thirst ". That is why He said, "It is
    finished" right after.
    46

    Then why did the Lord Christ say: "My God, My God?"
    He said that in His capacity as a representative of humanity.
    He said that because He took the shape of a servant, and
    became similar to man. "But made Himself of no reputation.
    taking the form of a bondservant, and coming in the likeness of
    men " (Phil. 2: 7 and 8). He said these words because "He
    humbled Himself", "and became obedient to the point of
    death, even the death of the cross" (Phil. 2:9) He spoke as the
    Son of man, who has taken over a human nature and taken
    man's position, and agreed to represent humanity before God,
    assumed all human sins and is paying off all their debts.
    Here we see that all humanity is talking through Him...
    As He assumed all human sins, and a sin is a separation from
    God and a cause of God's wrath, all humanity is crying through
    Christ, saying: "My God, My God, why have You forsaken
    Me?"...
    Christ represented humanity in so many things if not in
    all things! !
    Christ did fast on our behalf:
    Adam and Eve were not able to abstain from the forbidden
    fruit and they plucked it and ate. As for Christ, He began His
    life by abstaining even from all edibles. He was in no need to
    fast, but He fasted forty days and forty nights as mentioned in
    the church hymns.
    47

    He represented us in observing God's law:
    "The Lord looked down from heaven upon the children of
    men, to see if there were any who understand, and seek God.
    They have all gone aside, they have all together become
    corrupt; " (Ps. 14:2,3).
    When Christ came, He represented humanity in being
    obedient to God. He observed the Law, "To fulfil all
    righteousness" (Matt. 3:15) as He mentioned at the time of
    baptism. Thus, He acted the part of humanity in offering God a
    chaste and a gracious acceptable life...
    He represented us in death, torment and the atonement
    of sin:
    "For He has made Him to be sin for us who knew no sin"
    (2 Cor 5:21). He suffered all God's wrath for the sinful with all
    the bitterness therein. And as a representative of humanity said:
    "My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?" And He
    who helped everybody and has never forsaken any person,
    was forsaken by all, even by the Father. In that way He paid
    off our debt and suffered God's wrath and emerged triumphant,
    having been tried emotionally and physically...
    He also gave us that a poignant lesson so that we may be
    more cautious.
    If sin would have as a consequence all such
    abandonment and pain, we should: "See then that we walk
    circumspectly" (Eph. 5:15). We should be wary about
    abandoning God so that God would not abandon us in turn. The
    48

    Son Himself has been forsaken. The torment of being
    abandoned is unbearable. We should thank our Lord Jesus
    Christ for all that love and for all His abnegation..
    The words: "why have You forsaken Me?" should be a
    source of consolation for us when we encounter any difficulty.
    Knowing that if the Lord has not "Spared His Own Son" (Rom.
    8:32), why should we grumble about whatever suffering God
    allows? God was pleased to put His own beloved Son to Grief.
    And in spite of His saying "This is My Beloved, Son, in whom I
    am well pleased" (Matt. 3:17), why do we grumble at the
    moments of trial though we could never suffer as much as
    Christ suffered and though we deserve to be punished. The Son
    drank willingly the cup that the Father offered Him. He only
    said, "Your will be done" and was obedient until death on the
    Cross. His pronouncement: "why have You forsaken Me?" was
    not a complaint or protest, as we have said before but it was
    only an expression of the reality of His suffering and a
    declaration that the act of redemption is being realised...
    49
  • Well really I don't think Christ actually meant that but as i heard before from a priest, that Christ was referring to Psalm 22. Here read it for yourselves and maybe you'll see my point.

    NKJV:
            [center]Psalm 22[/center]

    1 My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?
            Why are You so far from helping Me,
            And from the words of My groaning?
    2 O My God, I cry in the daytime, but You do not hear;
            And in the night season, and am not silent.
           
    3 But You are holy,
            Enthroned in the praises of Israel.
    4 Our fathers trusted in You;
            They trusted, and You delivered them.
    5 They cried to You, and were delivered;
            They trusted in You, and were not ashamed.
           
    6 But I am a worm, and no man;
            A reproach of men, and [b]despised by the people.

    7 All those who see Me ridicule Me;
            They shoot out the lip, they shake the head, saying,
    8 “He trusted in the LORD, let Him rescue Him;
            Let Him deliver Him, since He delights in Him!”
           
    9 But You are He who took Me out of the womb;
            You made Me trust while on My mother’s breasts.
    10 I was cast upon You from birth.
            From My mother’s womb
            You have been My God.
    11 Be not far from Me,
            For trouble is near;
            For there is none to help.
           
    12 Many bulls have surrounded Me;
            Strong bulls of Bashan have encircled Me.
    13 They gape at Me with their mouths,
            Like a raging and roaring lion.
           
    14 I am poured out like water,
            And all My bones are out of joint;
            My heart is like wax;
            It has melted within Me.
    15 My strength is dried up like a potsherd,
            And My tongue clings to My jaws;
            You have brought Me to the dust of death.
           
    16 For dogs have surrounded Me;
            The congregation of the wicked has enclosed Me.
            They pierced My hands and My feet;
    17 I can count all My bones.
            They look and stare at Me.
    18 They divide My garments among them,
            And for My clothing they cast lots.
           
    19 But You, O LORD, do not be far from Me;
            O My Strength, hasten to help Me!
    20 Deliver Me from the sword,
            My precious life from the power of the dog.
    21 Save Me from the lion’s mouth
            And from the horns of the wild oxen!
           
            You have answered Me.
           
    22 I will declare Your name to My brethren;
            In the midst of the assembly I will praise You.
    23 You who fear the LORD, praise Him!
            All you descendants of Jacob, glorify Him,
            And fear Him, all you offspring of Israel!
    24 For He has not despised nor abhorred the affliction of the afflicted;
            Nor has He hidden His face from Him;
            But when He cried to Him, He heard.
           
    25 My praise shall be of You in the great assembly;
            I will pay My vows before those who fear Him.
    26 The poor shall eat and be satisfied;
            Those who seek Him will praise the LORD.
            Let your heart live forever!
           
    27 All the ends of the world
            Shall remember and turn to the LORD,
            And all the families of the nations
            Shall worship before You.
    28 For the kingdom is the LORD’s,
            And He rules over the nations.
           
    29 All the prosperous of the earth
            Shall eat and worship;
            All those who go down to the dust
            Shall bow before Him,
            Even he who cannot keep himself alive.
           
    30 A posterity shall serve Him.
            It will be recounted of the Lord to the next generation,
    31 They will come and declare His righteousness to a people who will be born,
            That He has done this.

    Septuagint:
                                                    [center]Psalm 22[/center]

    22:1 O God, my God, attend to me: why hast thou forsaken me? the account of my transgressions is far from my salvation. 2 O my God, I will cry to thee by day, but thou wilt not hear: and by night, and it shall not be accounted for folly to me.

    3 But thou, the praise of Israel, dwellest in a sanctuary. 4 Our fathers hoped in thee; they hoped, and thou didst deliver them. 5 They cried to thee, and were saved: they hoped in thee, and were not ashamed. 6 But I am a worm, and not a man; a reproach of men, and scorn of the people. 7 All that saw me mocked me: they spoke with their lips, they shook the head, saying, 8 He hoped in the Lord: let him deliver him, let him save him, because he takes pleasure in him. 9 For thou art he that drew me out of the womb; my hope from my mother’s breasts. 10 I was cast on thee from the womb: thou art my God from my mother’s belly.

    11 Stand not aloof from me; for affliction is near; for there is no helper. 12 Many bullocks have compassed me: fat bulls have beset me round. 13They have opened their mouth against me, as a ravening and roaring lion. 14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are loosened: my heart in the midst of my belly is become like melting wax. 15 My strength is dried up, like a potsherd; and my tongue is glued to my throat; and thou hast brought me down to the dust of death. 16 For many dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked doers has beset me round: they pierced my hands and my feet. 17 They counted all my bones; and they observed and looked upon me. 18 They parted my garments among themselves, and cast lots upon my raiment.

    19 But thou, O Lord, remove not my help afar off: be ready for mine aid. 20 Deliver my soul from the sword; my only-begotten one from the power of the dog. 21 Save me from the lion’s mouth; and regard my lowliness from the horns of the unicorns.

    22 I will declare thy name to my brethren: in the midst of the church will I sing praise to thee. 23 Ye that fear the Lord, praise him; all ye seed of Jacob, glorify him: let all the seed of Israel fear him. 24 For he has not despised nor been angry at the supplication of the poor; nor turned away his face from me; but when I cried to him, he heard me. 25 My praise is of thee in the great congregation: I will pay my vows before them that fear him.

    26 The poor shall eat and be satisfied; and they shall praise the Lord that seek him: their heart shall live for ever. 27 All the ends of the earth shall remember and turn to the Lord: and all the kindreds of the nations shall worship before him. 28 For the kingdom is the Lord’s; and he is the governor of the nations. 29 All the fat ones of the earth have eaten and worshipped: all that go down to the earth shall fall down before him: my soul also lives to him. 30 And my seed shall serve him: the generation that is coming shall be reported to the Lord. 31 And they shall report his righteousness to the people that shall be born, whom the Lord has made.
  • well HH covers that point
    in his discussion on the phrase
  • [coptic]+ Iryny nem `hmot>[/coptic]

    [quote author=KrazyLion link=topic=6108.msg81167#msg81167 date=1200769397]
    problem with your first explanation:

    In the liturgy we say that his divinity parted not from his humanity for a single moment nor a twinkling of an eye" that means he wasn't alone. he was always God ..... I dunno, i don't think your first explanition in general is theologically correct,  check it with a priest or someone...
    2nd explanation is fine.....


    I at no point said that Christ's divinity parted from Him while He was on the cross.  What I did say was:

    Thus, using the analogy, we could say that the Father was 'repulsed' at the sin that stained His Son, and 'turned away' from Him at that moment in time.

    The Son never ceased being God.  However, for that moment in time, He was completely alone, to experience the full consequence of sin: separation from God.
  • Psalm 22 is amasing.......  just read it...it is accurate and hundreds of years before Jesus
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